Blowing-engine valve.



PATENTBD 8, 1907.

M. A. NBBLAND BLOWING ENGINE VALVE.

APPL QATI N FILED mm. 31, 190%! 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1 yvnnssszs PATENTED JAN; 8, 1907;

No. 841,040. M. A. NEBLAND;

BLOWING ENGINE VALVE. APPLIOATIONPELED MAR. 31, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR WITNESSES I 1H: NORRIS PETERS cm, WASHINGTOhL-D. b4

No. s41,'0 YATBNTED JAN.8,1907. M; A'- NEEL-ANj-D. BLOWINGENGIN'E VALVE. IAFPLIOATION FILED MAB. 3:1, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H w I? a H w m z WITNESSES INVENTOR .771; nanms PETERS 00., WASHINGTON, n. c.

speed in air-compressors and blowing-endue to insufficient por -open1ng at the right UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARVIN A. NEELAND, OF YOUNGSTOWN,'OHIO. BLOWING-ENGINE VALVE.

No. 841,040. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J an. 8, 1907.

I Application filed March 31, 1904. Serial No. 201,014.

To whom it W/ 007L067? erably employ for the purpose a valve which Be it known that I, MARVIN A. NEELAND, has two inlet passages or ports so arranged of Youngstown, Mahoning county, Ohio, that while the inlet area may or may not be have invented a-new and useful Blowing-Envaried during the mid-portion of the stroke gine Valve, of which the following is a full, for certain periods thereafter and toward the clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a partial vertical section show ing the preferred form of an inlet-valve constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the port-openings obtained by the valve of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modified arrangement. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the port-openings obtained by the valve of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a side elevation,

port is decreasing, the total effect in the inlet area meanwhile remaining constant.

here the doubleorted valve is used, the valve-ports will be in communication with the inlet-port and will preferably vary the inlet area through t e mid-portion of the stroke, and for certain periods near the ends of the piston-stroke the area of one of the ports will decrease substantially in pro ortion to the increase in area of the other va veport, thus making the 'nlet area approximately constant for these periods.

e invention also consists in the connection showing the lower end of a blowing-cyltlons for actuatmg the valve, in a peculiar inder with my improved valve arranged centrally in the head.

My invention relates to the valves for owing engines or air compressors, and more particularly to the inlet air valve or valves, although the invention may be applied to the outlet valve or valves.

demand is now arising for a higher piston and in a device for lessening the clearancespaces.

In the drawings, referring to the form of Fi s. 1 and 5, I s ow an inlet-valve 2 movabIe within the head 3 of the blowing-cylinder and connected by link 4, with lever 5, secured to a rock-shaft 6, having a lever 7, with a link connection 8 leading to the wristplate 9 of the blowing-engine cylinder. This wrist-plate is operated from a moving part of the motive cylinder actuating the blowingengine piston.

It will be noted that the valve is closed gines. This increase in piston speed requires more inlet area, especially near the end of the piston-stroke. The valves usually employed in such compressors and engines when used at high piston speeds produce a decrease in cylin der-pressure near the end of the pistonstroke to below atmospheric pressure, and thereby decrease the capacity of the engine,

a toggleoint connection which decreases 5 time. In other words, with single-ported l the travel of the valve when closed. This valves the area of the ports for a period near enables me to allow for a continuous motion the end of the piston-s roke is less than it of the wrist-plate while the valve remains should be for good efliciency. This is esclosed through the desired interval of time. pecially true of valves operated by eccentric In this form the inlet-ports 10 are formed in Ioo or cranks and single-ported valves which a cage 11 of annular form, which is secured vary the port-opening through the mid-porto the head of the blowing-engine cylinder. tion of the stroke. The valve 2 reciprocates within the hollow l\ y invention is designed to overcome the cage and is of ring form, with an annular port difficulty above referred to by providing a 12 extending around it between the rings 13 I0 valve-and-port arrangement by means of and 13 on either side of this port. The anwhich the inlet-port area is maintained con nular port 12 communicates through ports stant for a time just previous to and also just 14 with an annular air-chamber 15, formed succeeding the time of maximum port-openin the cage and communicating at its outer ing, (which occurs at the mid-portionof the end with the open. air. no complete valvestroke,) at which time such In Fig. 1 I show the position of the inlet area would otherwise be changing. I prefvalve just after the period near the end of stroke, while the curved ows into the cy 1 and back to closed position creasing in. area as the other decreases, until As the valve bethe valve begins to close.

ins to move u wardly in opening the air inder through ports 10 both above and below the ring 13 as indicated by the arrows, the lower ring 13 .moving upwardly over the ports 10 while its upper ring moves over the ports 14:. Through this first part of the upstroke the available portopening will increase until the area of the ports 14,

ring 13, and the area of theports 10 below the ring 13 are all equal. in the stroke of the valve until the upper corner as of ring 13 reaches the lower corner y of the ring separatin the ports 10 and 14: the port-opening wil be constant. This is due to the increasing of the area of the orts 10 below the ring 13 an amount equa to the decreasing of the ports 10 above the ring 13 After the corner as of the ring 13 reaches the corner y of the cage-ring the inlet area w'll increase until the valve reaches the upper limit of its stroke. From this point t e same cycle is presented in the reverse order on the return stroke of the valve. Fig. 2 illustrates this diagrammatically. The horizontal line a h re resents the pistonineab efghindicates the amount of port-opening for the different positions of the piston stroke. The line from a to b shows the portto the moment that the three ports are equal in area, the line b e indicates the constant port-opening through the time until the corner as of the valve reaches the corner, of the cage-ring,

the corner a; reaches the corner y on the upstroke until it again reaches it on the downstroke. The line f g indicates the period corresponding to b e on the return stroke an the line g h the corresponding period to that of a b on the upstroke.

The action of the valve may be summarized as follows: The valve makes a movement from one end of its cage to the other and returns during the suction-stroke of the piston that is to say, it moves into full-open while the piston makes the suction-stroke. During the first part of its opening movement the port area eading to the c .linder is increasing, as shown by the portion a b of the curve of Fig. 2.

' During the mid-portion of this opening a stroke, however,

the area remains constant for an interval corresponding to the part b e of the diagram curve. During theremainder of the opening movement of the valve the port area again constantly increases until the valve reaches its full-o enposition. On the return movement of tfie valve the port area decreases until the corner as of the so that lift be through its and the line 0 f indicates the varying opening from the time valve passes the corner y. The port area now again remains constant during a portion of this return stroke, as indicated by the part g of the diagram curve. During the remainder of the return stroke the port area is decreasing, as shown by the part 9 h of the diagram curve.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the eriods of constant port area are respectively near the beginning and toward the end of each complete movement of the valve.

In the form of Fig. 3 the valve is the same as that of Fig. 1, except that it is shortened the lower corner is of the valve will yond the lower corner y of the port through the mid-portion of the stroke. This valve will give the same efiect as the valve of Fig. 1 in maintaining the port substantially constantbefore and after the maximum portopening; but in this case the port-opening will not vary through the mid-portion of the stroke, but will be constant between the points marked 0 and p on the diagram of Fig. 1. I In order to reduce the clearance-space in the inlet-port, I preferably use a removable bonnet 16, (shown in Figs. 5 and 6,) which is formed separately from the piston and is secured to it by bolts 17. This bonnet being made separately enables the piston and bonnet to be easily and cheaply made, and the bonnet when in position enters the annular inlet-port. and thus reduces the amount of clearance.

Instead of using a plurality of inlet-valves, as shown in Fig; 5, I may employ a single central inlet-valve of larger area, as shown in Fig. 6. In this case the outlet-valves, which are preferably four in number, are dispose around the inlet-valve. The construction of the inlet-valve in this case will be same as that in Figs. 1 and 5, and the operation wil be the same. This will be readily underwithin the cylinder is tending to blow out the bridges, and if these bridges were inclined all in the same direction they would form a simple beam subjectto a bending movement. By inclining one half of them in one direction and the other half in the opposite direction the structure is converted from a beam into a strut, which is able to resist the pressure to which it is subjected.

In forming the bridges across the inletport I preferably arrange them in inclined form, those on one side being inclined in an opposite direction to Thus in Fig. 1 the bridges 18 in the circumference incline toward the right, while the bridges 19 of the other half incline toward the left. This gives a strong and efficient construction, while preventing improper wear of the valve packing-rings;

By placing the valve Within the cage'the pressure in the cylinder acts to compress t e sist this pressure than if th bridges, and hence they are better able to re- T e advantages of my invention result ing-engine cylinder below the desired inlet pressure. With the ordinary valve the inlet area near the end of the stroke will be too blowing-engine. By increasing the inlet area through a part of the latter portion of the stroke or retaining the area constant through such portion I prevent the pressure om dropping below atmospheric pressure during this portion of the stroke. way when'the inlet valve or valves are closed the cylinder will be filled withair at atmospheric pressure. The line of an indicatorcard on the return stroke will therefore start from the atmospheric line, whereas with forports being arranged to vary the port area during the middle portion of the piston suci tion-stroke, and then to maintain said area approximately constant through a port. and an air-lnlet valve arranged to provide two ports or passages to the said port, one of said ports or passages, during a portion of the valve-stroke, being arranged to increase in area while the other port or passage decreases in like proportion; substantially as described.

4. A blowing-engine having cylinder airinlet ports, an inlet-valve having two ports through which air flows to the cylinder-ports, these two ports being arranged to maintain a substantially constant inlet area during a l 3. A blowing-engine having an air-inlet more of the pacl portion of the closing stroke of the valve at a period following the maximum port-opening substantially as described.

5. A blowing-engine having areciprocat ing valve of ring form with an air-port leading therethrough, and having also an annular port around its periphery; substantially as described.

6. A compressor having an inlet-valve and ports arranged to maintain a substantiall constant inlet-port area during a portion of the valvestroke between tion of the valve-stroke between its in combination with actuating connections for said valve arranged to slow port-closing movement during its port-closing position substantially as described.

being inclined in opposite directions to those at the other portion of the cage; substantially as described.

In a fluid-compressor, a valve-cage hav mg an annular chamber in its wall, said ber communicating with the interior of t e cage, said cage having ports communicating with the compressor-cylinder, and a reciprocating inletvalve of ring form seated in said cage and arranged to control the comthe said annular cham- 10. In a blowing-engine, a ring-valve with an annular recessed port and two or more packing-rings, a cylindrical cage for the valve with one set of ports leading to the cylinder and another set leading to the atmosphere, and a ring between said sets of ports, one or ring-rings of the valve being in contact with the ring between the sets of ports when the valve is closed; substantially the valve is in contact with the ring between the sets of ports in the closed position; substantially as described.

12. In a fluid-compressor,

5 tion with a compressor-oylind casing, a chamber therein open to the atmosphere at one end and closed at the other end, said chamber having ports through its inner wall, and a Valve arranged to control the communication of said ports with the compressoreylinder, and also to simultaneously admit air to the cylinder below its lower edge; substantially as described.

the combinaer, of a valve- 13. In a fluid-compressor, an inlet-Valve, having two sets of inlet-ports arranged to a mit air to the cylinder, said ports, during a portion of the valve-stroke, being arranged to combinedly maintain a substantially constant inlet area; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 20 my hand.

MARVIN A. NEELAND.

Witnesses JorrN MILLER, H. M. CORWIN. 

